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Question

List the differences between the kingdoms of North and South on the basis of following aspects.

a. Administration

b. Society

c. Economy

d. Religion

e. Education

f. Art and Architecture

Answer
kingdoms of Southkingdoms of North
(a) Administration – The central administration was divided into different departments. The king ran the administration
with the help of his ministers. The empire was divided into provinces.		(a) Administration – the king was all-powerful. The empire was divided into provinces. The king was the head of the military as well as the judiciary.
(b) Society – Caste system was deeply rooted in the society.
The Brahmins and Kshatriyas were dominated the lower castes.		(b) Society – Caste system was rigid. The Brahmins enjoyed high positions while the Shudras led a life of misery. The condition of women was also pathetic.
(c) Economy – The main source of income was land revenue. The economic condition of people was good. Their major occupations were agriculture, trade, and weaving.(c) Economy – The royal family, high officials and the traders were prosperous. The temples were the centres of riches and hence, attracted a lot of invaders.
(d) Religion – Hinduism was the most popular religion. Vedic sacrifices were quite common.(d) Religion – Vishnu and Shiva were the main Gods of the Rajputs. They also worshipped Goddess like Kali, Laxmi and Durga.
(e) Education- Kanchipuram, capital of Pallavas was an important centre of studies of Sanskrit and regional languages like Tamil. The Bhakti saints preached the teachings of the epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata, which were translated into many south Indian languages.(e) Education – Superstition and narrow-mindedness were great hurdles to education. The elementary education was limited to temples and monasteries.
(f) Art and Architecture – The large rock-cut temples at Mahabalipuram and the Kailashnath were built in the eighth century. The Shiva temple of Tanjore and the bronze statue of Nataraja are fine examples of Chola art.(f) Art and Architecture – The examples of the paintings can be found in the form of murals in palaces, caves and temples. The Jain monks and painters of Bengal developed the art of miniature paintings.