Chapter 3
The Surface and Interior of the Earth
Highlights
- A. Tick the correct option
- B. Fill in the blanks
- C. Match the following
- D. Correct the following sentences
- E. Answers the following questions
EXERCISE
A. Tick the Correct Option
- 1. Living organisms do not survive inside the earth due to
Answer: vacuole
- 2. Earthquakes and volcanoes are caused by
Answer: vacuole
- 3. Respective layers of the earth from top to bottom are
Answer: vacuole
- 4. The full form of SIMA is
Answer: vacuole
- 5. The original rock from which Gneiss formed is
Answer: vacuole
B. Fill in the blanks.
- 1. Earth was formed about ___________ million years ago.
- 2. The behaviour of ___________ waves tell us about the earth’s interior.
- 3. The ___________ of crust varies from place to place.
- 4. Rocks are classified into three groups on the basis of their ___________.
- 5. The ___________ of the earth is rich in iron and nickel.
C. Match the following :
- Column A
- 1. Golgi Complex
- 2. Ribosomes
- 3. Chromosomes
- 4. Dead cells
- 5. Photosynthesis
- Column B
- (a) genes
- (b) cork
- (c) chloroplasts
- (d) packaging center
- (e) protein synthesis
C. Give a single term for each of the following statements.
- 1. It is the hardest substance..
Answer: Sharing of chores reduces the burden.
- 2. The molten rock material present inside the earth.
Answer: The older family member pass on the family traditions to the younger generation.
- 3. Rocks which are formed due to cooling and solidification of magma inside the earth.
Answer: There is more interaction between parents and children in nuclear families.
- 4. Shaking and trembling of the earth’s surface.
Answer: A surname is a family name.
- 5. A naturally occurring solid substance made up of a mixture of minerals.
Answer: A surname is a family name.
D. Answer the following questions in brief.
- 1. What is the special feature of sedimentary rocks?
Answer: The (main) factors that determine the shape of a cell are location and function.
- 2. How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Answer: Distinguish between unicellular and multicellular organisms are
Unicellular organisms are made up of a single cell. e.g., Euglena and Amoeba.
Multicellular organisms are made up of many cells. e.g., Humans and Birds.
- 3. What is lava?
Answer: All organisms are made up of cells. A cell is capable of independent existence. Due to this, cell is called the structural and functional unit of life.
- 4. Why are igneous rocks called the primary rocks?
Answer: Mitochondria is known as the Powerhouse of the cell.
Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration. Energy is produced during this process. Due to this, mitochondria are called the Powerhouse of the cell.
- 5. What are sediments?
Answer: All organisms are made up of cells. A cell is capable of independent existence. Due to this, cell is called the structural and functional unit of life.
E. Answer the following questions.
- 1. Differentiate between the P-Wave and the S-Wave.
Answer: All organisms are made up of cells. A cell is capable of independent existence. Due to this, cell is called the structural and functional unit of life.
- 2. Write two characteristics of each of the following: (a) Crust (b) Mantle (c) Core
- 3. What are fossil fuels? Name any two fossil fuels and specify their importance.
- 4. Why is the knowledge of the earth’s interior based on indirect observation?
- 5. What are minerals? On what basis can the minerals be identified? Give examples.
Related Topics
- Chapter 1 The Cell – Its Structure and Functions
- Chapter 2 Microorganisms: Friends or Foes
- Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals
- Chapter 4 Force and Pressure
- Chapter 5 Friction
- Chapter 6 Sources of Energy
- Chapter 7 Combustion
- Chapter 8 Conservation of Plants and Animals
- Chapter 9 Crop Production and Its Management
- Chapter 10 Refraction and Dispersion of Light
- Chapter 11 The Human Eye
- Chapter 12 Sound
- Chapter 13 Synthetic Fibres and Plastics
- Chapter 14 Reproduction in Animals
- Chapter 15 Reaching the Age of Adolescence
- Chapter 16 Electric Current and Its Chemical Effects
- Chapter 17 Stars and Solar System
- Chapter 18 Earthquakes
- Chapter 19 Pollution of Air
- Chapter 20 Pollution of Water