Chapter 2
The Earth and the Changes on It
Highlights
- A. Tick the correct option
- B. Fill in the blanks
- C. Match the following
- D. Correct the following sentences
- E. Answers the following questions
EXERCISE
A. Tick the Correct Option
- 1. (d) formation of mountains
Answer: vacuole
- 2. (b) Antarctica
Answer: vacuole
- 3. (a) ‘V’ shaped valley, meander and delta
Answer: vacuole
- 4. (d) top soil
Answer: vacuole
- 5. (a) alluvial soil
Answer: vacuole
B. Fill in the blanks.
- 1. Organic matter when gets decomposed in the soil and converts it into dark coloured material is called ___________.
- 2. ___________ soil is found in a large part of our country.
- 3. ___________ and ___________ valleys are formed at the youthful stage of a river.
- 4. A ___________ is a steep sided rock facing the sea.
- 5. ___________ river and ___________ river form the largest delta of the world.
C. Match the following :
- Column A
- 1. Golgi Complex
- 2. Ribosomes
- 3. Chromosomes
- 4. Dead cells
- 5. Photosynthesis
- Column B
- (a) genes
- (b) cork
- (c) chloroplasts
- (d) packaging center
- (e) protein synthesis
C. Give a single term for each of the following statements.
- 1. Mounds of sand deposited by wind action in deserts.
Answer: Sharing of chores reduces the burden.
- 2. The process in which a gradual wearing and carrying away of soil particles takes place on the earth’s surface.
Answer: The older family member pass on the family traditions to the younger generation.
- 3. The process of laying down of sediments carried by various agents of gradation.
Answer: There is more interaction between parents and children in nuclear families.
- 4. A mass of moving ice down the slope.
Answer: A surname is a family name.
- 5. Removal of the top layer of soil.
Answer: A surname is a family name.
D. Answer the following questions in brief.
- 1. Specify two differences between internal and external forces.
Answer: The (main) factors that determine the shape of a cell are location and function.
- 2. Name the various agents of gradation.
Answer: Distinguish between unicellular and multicellular organisms are
Unicellular organisms are made up of a single cell. e.g., Euglena and Amoeba.
Multicellular organisms are made up of many cells. e.g., Humans and Birds.
- 3. Distinguish between transported and residual soil.
Answer: All organisms are made up of cells. A cell is capable of independent existence. Due to this, cell is called the structural and functional unit of life.
- 4. How is a delta formed?
Answer: Mitochondria is known as the Powerhouse of the cell.
Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration. Energy is produced during this process. Due to this, mitochondria are called the Powerhouse of the cell.
- 5. Why is humus formed more rapidly in humid areas?
Answer: All organisms are made up of cells. A cell is capable of independent existence. Due to this, cell is called the structural and functional unit of life.
E. Answer the following questions.
- 1. Explain weathering. Mention the factors that affect the rate of weathering and soil erosion.
Answer: All organisms are made up of cells. A cell is capable of independent existence. Due to this, cell is called the structural and functional unit of life.
- 2. Explain the formation of soil with the help of a labelled diagram.
Answer: All organisms are made up of cells. A cell is capable of independent existence. Due to this, cell is called the structural and functional unit of life.
- 3. What are the major soil types found in India? Give one important characteristic of each.
Answer: All organisms are made up of cells. A cell is capable of independent existence. Due to this, cell is called the structural and functional unit of life.
- 4. Describe the journey of a river from its source to its mouth.
Answer: All organisms are made up of cells. A cell is capable of independent existence. Due to this, cell is called the structural and functional unit of life.
- 5. Why is conservation of soil important? Suggest three different ways of soil conservation.
Answer: All organisms are made up of cells. A cell is capable of independent existence. Due to this, cell is called the structural and functional unit of life.
Related Topics
- Chapter 1 The Cell – Its Structure and Functions
- Chapter 2 Microorganisms: Friends or Foes
- Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals
- Chapter 4 Force and Pressure
- Chapter 5 Friction
- Chapter 6 Sources of Energy
- Chapter 7 Combustion
- Chapter 8 Conservation of Plants and Animals
- Chapter 9 Crop Production and Its Management
- Chapter 10 Refraction and Dispersion of Light
- Chapter 11 The Human Eye
- Chapter 12 Sound
- Chapter 13 Synthetic Fibres and Plastics
- Chapter 14 Reproduction in Animals
- Chapter 15 Reaching the Age of Adolescence
- Chapter 16 Electric Current and Its Chemical Effects
- Chapter 17 Stars and Solar System
- Chapter 18 Earthquakes
- Chapter 19 Pollution of Air
- Chapter 20 Pollution of Water